Water hammer is a shock wave transmitted through fluid contained in a piping system. The most basic explanation is that water hammer occurs when a fluid in motion is suddenly forced to stop moving. The momentum of the fluid abruptly stopping creates a pressure wave that travels through the media within the pipe system, subjecting everything in that closed system to significant forces.

A ball valve failed while undergoing tests in simulated lock hopper service. The valve stem developed severe torsional deformation after 3134 cycles while handling limestone fines, and a replacement stem also exhibited deformation after an additional 124 cycles. The test was terminated at that point due to excessive valve leakage.

In this study, the resulting hydrodynamic models. torque is calculated by integrate the instantaneous parietal pressure torque [9] acting on the valve disc for rotation Table 1 Strengths and weaknesses of different models axis ("z" axis).

See Torque Force Design Equations webpage and torque chart page for recommended fastener torque and equation data.. This fastener bolt torque calculator will Estimate the unknown torque, diameter, axial force applied and coefficient of turning friction for the given conditions.

Ball Valves Types, Construction, Applications and Advantages. With fluorinated polymer seats, ball valves can be used for service temperatures ranging from 450 to 500 F ( 270 to 260 C); with graphite seats, service temperatures to 1000 F (538 C) or even higher are possible. Also, with metal backing seats, the valves can be used in firesafe...

Backpressure valve API Specification 6A – Unidirectional or bidirectional check valve that is installed through the christmas tree, into the tubing hanger, and prevents well fluids from flowing out of the well. Blind flange API Specification 6A – Flange with no centre bore, used to close off completely a flanged

Jul 02, 2019· While simple in concept, consisting of a box with an input, output, and a mechanism to operate a valve, there are actually quite a few considerations in choosing the right valve actuator. And because . How to Select a Valve Actuator: Types of Valve Actuators, Appropriate Sizing, Safety Criteria, and More Read More

Use of ball valve as control valve is suitable for service where precise control is not required. Typical use of ball valve as control valve is for valve diameter 4 inch (100 mm) and above. Typical use of ball valve as control valve is for valve diameter 4 inch (100 mm) and above.

the valve body. This valve offers a rotary stem movement of 90 degrees or less in a compact design. The importance of butterfly valves has been more and more increasing in the pipe system. And there are so many reports on the characteristics, the flow coefficient, the torque coefficient, the pressure recovery factor and so on.

Oct 22, 2012· 9 Answers. In general terms you want to aim for 2 to 3 full turns after hand tight. If it still feels loose, complete another full turn. A lot of plumbers will use both teflon tape and pipe dope. Depending on the thickness of the teflon tape you will want .

Aug 31, 2012· Re: torque calculation to move (to control) a butterfly valve. Steve the problem is not the size of the valve or the line pressure, the problem is what will happen to the disc if the mechanism between disc and actuator breaks, the day after the break on the disc will be same if disc is DN300 or DN800 and if pressure is 1bar or 4bars, will open,...

Effect of Changes In Cam Timing and Lobe Separation Angle We are currently working to better the site for the customer and to complete your orders please CALL We are currently working to better the site for the customer and to complete your orders please CALL

where the stem meets the valve body. Valves ... Fig. 5 Some ball valves and diaphragm valves are designed with multiple ports. are designed with multiple ports. In most multiport valves, ... system is corrected, the valve returns to its Tips and Traps Know your application. When choosing a valve, you must have certain pieces of information in ...

Nov 22, 2013· Such an arrangement can have its uses, but you should understand the limitations of onoff valves and the differences between onoff valves and control valves. Details: In an attempt to reduce cost, a young engineer may resort to using ball and/or butterfly valves with .

Hardhat Engineer. A real life Skill and Experience sharing for Oil Gas Engineer. Learn Technical, Project Managment, Project Control and all the thing that required on the field.

A set of calculators to help steam practitioners and designers with issues such as valve sizing, pipe sizing, and start up and running losses from tanks and pipes and many more. Valves .

Nov 30, 2018· Ball valve design in which the ball is not rigidly held on its rotational axis is free to float between the seat rings. In the closed position ball is pushed against the seat by the pressure of the fluid from upstream and hence can pressure seal the downstream of the valve.

There is a correlation between the tension in the bolt and the effort it takes to turn it. Any tool, even a torque wrench, should be used with common sense. A crossthreaded bolt will not properly tighten even with a torque wrench. The mechanic must be aware of the purpose of torque, and what torque and fastener preload doing to the component ...

NEW YORK, July 18, 2017 /PRNewswire/ Ball valve market is expected to grow US billion by 2025 from US billion in 2016. Trunnion mounted ball...

Smith Valves. Smith is one of the oldest valve brands for API 602 forged steel valves in the industry today. Our product line consist of a broad range of gate, globe and check valves utilized in the oil and gas, refinery, petrochemical and many other industries throughout the world.

Many customers ask for a 25% safety factor so if a valve requires 100 inlb torque to open, you would size the actuator's break torque at 125 inlbs. Modulating Service Also known as Throttling Service .

A large ball valve in the test stand. The torque wrench on the end of stem measures torque required to turn the valve. Usually, the first stop in the production process for an assembled valve is the external test, known as a hydrostatic shell test. This test validates the soundness and strength of the valve body.

After the valve is assembled, it should be cycled a few times to ensure that the valve operates smoothly with no chattering of the ball. The normal operation is an initial high torque to "break" from the closed position to a smooth running lower torque midcycle, to a high torque at .

Trinity Series Triple Offset Butterfly Valves. 2 ... Completed two foundries, two process centers, one ball valve facility in China. Opened Italy office 2008: Opened Atlanta, GA branch, Chicago, Ill. sales office, formed joint venture for the Trinity Series TOV ... Valve to operate with minimal torque, increased ...